Final answer:
Anna Freud is most credited with adapting psychoanalysis to children and adolescents. She expanded on her father Sigmund Freud's ideas, focusing on the ego and social environment for child psychoanalysis, distinguishing her work from colleagues like Erik Erikson.
Step-by-step explanation:
The person most credited with adapting psychoanalysis to children and adolescents is D) Anna Freud. Anna Freud, the daughter of Sigmund Freud, extended her father's work and is particularly renowned for her contributions to child psychoanalysis. While Erik Erikson, a colleague of Anna Freud, is known for his psychosocial theory of development, he did not specifically adapt psychoanalysis for children in the way Anna Freud did. Anna's work differentiated her from her father by focusing on the development of the ego and the importance of the social environment, proposing techniques for psychoanalytic treatment of children.
Although Erikson built upon the foundation of psychoanalytical thought by proposing stages of psychosocial development, it was Anna Freud who specifically adapted her father's ideas to suit the psychoanalysis of children and adolescents. This makes Anna Freud the correct answer to the question about who adapted psychoanalysis to children and adolescents.