Final answer:
The left renal vein is positioned anterior to the abdominal aorta and posterior to the Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA).
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question about the relationship of the left renal vein to the aorta and Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) is D) Anterior to the aorta and posterior to the SMA. The left renal vein travels from the left kidney and crosses the midline of the body, passing in front of the abdominal aorta and behind the SMA before it empties into the inferior vena cava.