Final answer:
Omega-3 fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA, are beneficial for heart health by lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and are found in marine fish and some plant oils. It's important to consume these alongside a healthy lifestyle for maximum benefits.
Step-by-step explanation:
Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are known for their beneficial health effects, including their ability to lower LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which can decrease the risk of coronary events. These fatty acids not only help in reducing inflammation and preventing blood clot formation, but they also contribute to the normal growth and development of infants, especially for brain and eye health. The body can synthesize EPA and DHA from ALA (alpha-linolenic acid), although at a limited rate, hence consuming sources like fish, shellfish, and plant oils directly is beneficial.
While polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3s help to lower LDL and raise HDL, it's also important to note that the consumption of saturated and trans fatty acids can be detrimental to cholesterol levels by increasing LDL and decreasing HDL. To maintain a healthy diet, it is recommended to choose unsaturated fats over saturated and trans fats, which are common in animal products and certain processed foods. Finally, it's critical to accompany the intake of omega-3 fatty acids with an overall healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and diversified nutrition, rather than relying solely on supplements.