Final answer:
In a sale of goods, the risk of loss typically passes to the buyer upon delivery, but specific terms in the contract may alter this.
Sellers can mitigate risk for buyers with imperfect information through warranties and other assurances. International trade rules do not enforce the same consumer safety standards across all nations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The general rule for who bears the risk of loss in a Sale of Goods typically depends on the terms of the contract and the point at which the goods are considered "delivered" to the buyer under the contract. In the absence of specific terms, the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) provides default rules.
For instance, in a non-merchant sale, the risk of loss passes to the buyer upon the tender of goods. In a sale involving merchants, the risk of loss might pass once the buyer takes physical possession of the goods.
However, sellers can reassure possible buyers faced with imperfect information by providing warranties, having return or repair policies, showing product certifications, offering free trials or samples, or obtaining insurance for the goods until delivery is complete.
Regarding international trade, the rules of international trade do not require all nations to impose the same consumer safety standards.
Countries have different regulations and standards, reflecting their own legal frameworks and policy priorities. However, through agreements such as the World Trade Organization agreements, there are efforts to harmonize certain aspects of trade to facilitate smoother international transactions.