Final answer:
The articular capsule, glenohumeral ligaments, and rotator cuff muscles control the movement of the humeral head on the glenoid in the shoulder joint.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structures that control the movement of the humeral head on the glenoid through the normal ranges of active movements are the articular capsule, the glenohumeral ligaments, and the rotator cuff muscles.
The articular capsule surrounds the glenohumeral joint and allows for large motions of the upper limb. The glenohumeral ligaments are located on the anterior side of the articular capsule and strengthen the superior and anterior capsule walls.
The rotator cuff muscles, which include the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis, provide primary support for the shoulder joint by crossing the joint and forming tendon attachments.