Final answer:
The main difference between Metaphase I and Metaphase II is the arrangement of chromosomes on the spindle. In Metaphase I, chromosomes appear in homologous pairs on the spindle, while in Metaphase II, there is a single line of chromosomes on the spindle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main difference between Metaphase I and Metaphase II is the arrangement of chromosomes on the spindle. In Metaphase I, chromosomes appear in homologous pairs on the spindle, while in Metaphase II, there is a single line of chromosomes on the spindle.
In Metaphase I, the paired chromosomes align along the midline (metaphase plate) of the cell, whereas in Metaphase II, sister chromatids align along the metaphase plate.
Furthermore, during Anaphase I, pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart and migrate towards the poles, while in Anaphase II, sister chromatids separate.