Final answer:
The increase in the number of specialists compared to generalists in the US can be attributed to the aging population, the influx of college-educated immigrants, and the advancements in technology and globalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
One reason for the increase in the number of specialists compared to generalists in the US is the aging population. As the baby boomer generation ages, there is a higher demand for specialized healthcare services, such as geriatric care. The American Geriatrics Society predicts a 45% increase in demand for physicians specializing in geriatrics from 2013 to 2025.
Another reason is the increase in college-educated immigrants. The United States has experienced an influx of skilled immigrants, which provides a pool of highly educated individuals who are more likely to pursue specialized professions.
Furthermore, the advancements in technology and globalization have created new opportunities for high-skilled workers to sell their services globally. This has incentivized individuals to specialize and develop expertise in specific fields in order to stay competitive in the job market.