Insulin and glucagon, hormones secreted by the pancreas, function in regulating blood glucose levels. Insulin stimulates cells to take up excess glucose from the blood, while glucagon promotes the conversion of glycogen to glucose. These processes help maintain glucose homeostasis.
The hormones secreted by the pancreas, such as insulin and glucagon, play a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. Here is how they function with respect to increased glucose levels in the blood:
Synthesis of hormones by beta cells: The beta cells in the pancreas produce and secrete insulin and glucagon.
High amount of glucose in the blood, sending signals toward the pancreas: When the blood glucose level rises above the normal range, pancreatic beta cells release insulin into the bloodstream.
Intake of glucose molecules from the blood by specific transporters: Insulin stimulates the uptake of glucose by cells from the blood, decreasing the level of glucose in the blood. Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose, increasing the level of glucose in the blood.
Binding of hormones with receptors on the liver: Insulin binds to receptors on the liver, stimulating it to convert glucose to glycogen for storage. Glucagon also acts on the liver, promoting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose.
Release of hormones from the receptors: Once the glucose level returns to the normal range, the body stops secreting insulin and glucagon.
The question probable may be:
How do insulin and glucagon, hormones secreted by the pancreas, collaborate to regulate blood glucose levels, and what specific processes, such as the synthesis of hormones by beta cells, the intake of glucose by cells, and the actions on the liver, contribute to maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body?