Question

Identify 2 types of molecule with which amines can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions, and identify the main products of each of these reactions.

a) Halogenoalkanes
b) forming secondary amines (or tertiary or quaternary salts)
c) acyl chlorides
d) forming N-substituted amides.

Answer 1

Amines can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with halogenoalkanes and acyl chlorides.

Step-by-step explanation:

Amines can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with two types of molecules:

1. Halogenoalkanes: Amines can react with halogenoalkanes (alkyl halides) to form alkyl amines. In this reaction, the halogen atom in the halogenoalkane is substituted with the amine group. For example, the reaction between an amine and an alkyl bromide can produce an alkyl amine.
2. Acyl chlorides: Amines can also undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions with acyl chlorides. In this reaction, the amine acts as a nucleophile and substitutes the chlorine atom in the acyl chloride. The main product of this reaction is an amide.