Final answer:
Intaglio printing is a traditional engraving method where an image is incised on a plate to create prints; aquatint is a variant technique that utilizes resin and acid to achieve tonal variations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intaglio Printing and Aquatint
Intaglio printing is a process where an image is incised into a plate with various techniques, including engraving or etching. The plate is inked, and then the surface is wiped clean, leaving ink only in the incised lines. During the printing process, paper is pressed onto the plate to transfer the ink from the recessed lines onto the paper, creating the print.
Aquatint is a specialized form of etching used to achieve tonal effects in intaglio printmaking. Rather than creating clean, linear marks, aquatint focuses on textural and tonal variation. This process involves dusting the metal plate with resin and then heating it to adhere the resin to the plate before bathing it in acid. The acid etches around the resin, creating a range of tones once the plate is inked and pressed to paper.
Engraving is one of the oldest intaglio techniques, dating back to medieval times when it was used to decorate armor. Modern engraving and intaglio have evolved but still retain the essence of the traditional process.