Final answer:
Unionists in Northern Ireland were divided in their opinions on O'Neill's attempts to build relationships with the south. Some saw it as a path to peace and economic improvement, while others feared it might undermine the union with the UK and lead to a united Ireland. These divisions reflected the complex historical and political context of Northern Ireland during the Troubles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Unionist Opinions on O'Neill's Attempts to Build Relations with the South
In discussing how unionists were divided with their opinions on O'Neill's attempts to build a closer relationship with the south, it's essential to recognize the underlying historical tensions. Unionists, primarily located in the six northern counties that chose to remain with the United Kingdom after the Anglo-Irish Treaty, varied in their reactions to establishing more amicable ties with the south, or the Irish Free State. This division became more notable as the strife within the region, often referred to as the Troubles, shaped differing outlooks among unionists.
Some unionists may have seen O'Neill's efforts as a path to peace and a way to improve economic and social conditions that were harshly affected by the conflict. These unionists likely believed in the benefits of centripetal forces that could unite Northern Ireland's divided community and heal the rift over generations. Conversely, other unionists perceived these attempts with suspicion, foreseeing a potential weakening of the union with the UK or a slippery slope leading to a united Ireland, a concept strongly opposed by many unionists due to historical, religious, and political reasons.
The Northern Ireland Assembly established in 1998 was part of the calming process post-conflict, and O'Neill's actions can be seen as part of the narrative towards lasting peace through negotiation and compromise. Nevertheless, the path was fraught with opposition and divergent views within the unionist community. The enduring influence of paramilitary groups and the complexity of the region's history continued to challenge any form of reconciliation efforts.