Final answer:
Adrenoleukodystrophy involves the metabolism of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and is caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene.
Step-by-step explanation:
The biochemical basis of Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is related to the impaired metabolism of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). These lipids with very high molecular weights cannot be metabolized properly due to a mutation in the ABCD1 gene located on the X chromosome, which leads to their accumulation within cells. The accumulation of VLCFAs, particularly in the brain, leads to damage of the myelin sheath that insulates nerve cells, which is characteristic of ALD. This is a genetic disorder, and various strategies such as the use of Lorenzo's oil and gene therapy are under consideration for treatment, though they may be costly and with varying degrees of success.