Final answer:
Athenians created magnificent public buildings and art during the Golden Age, a period of cultural prosperity following the victory over Persia, marked by the Athenian democracy and leadership of Pericles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Athenians built beautiful public buildings and produced great works of art and literature during the Golden Age. This period, also known as the Classical Age, followed the defeat of the Persian invasion in 479-480 BCE.
The city witnessed a surge in cultural development, propelled by its democratic principles and the leadership of statesmen like Pericles.
With a prosperous economy, Athens funded major public projects, including the construction of the Parthenon. Culture flourished under Athenian hegemony, as the city produced remarkable contributions to drama, philosophy, literature, and art, showcasing talents like Sophocles, Socrates, and Euripides.
This era's advancing culture further influenced fields such as history, science, and philosophy, setting the foundations for Western culture.