Final answer:
Momentum, represented by the symbol p, is the product of mass and velocity, and its S.I. unit is kg·m/s. It is directly related to Newton's second law of motion concerning force and the rate of change of momentum. Impulse is the change in momentum caused by a net force applied over a time period.
Step-by-step explanation:
Momentum, like kinetic energy, is a measure of the quantity of motion an object possesses and is dependent on both the mass and velocity of the object. The symbol for momentum is p, and it is calculated as the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v). Thus, the equation for momentum is p = mv. The S.I. unit for momentum is kilogram-meters per second (kg·m/s). Newton's second law of motion can be applied to momentum to show that the net external force on an object equals the rate of change of momentum of the system.
Impulse is related to momentum, as it is the change in momentum resulting from a force being applied over a time interval. When we talk about changes in momentum, we are often discussing impulse, which can be expressed as the product of the net force applied to an object (Fnet) and the time over which it acts (t). The symbol for impulse is generally the same as for momentum, p, and is also a vector, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.