Final answer:
Newton's second law of motion states that the force on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration, defined by the equation F = m × a.
Step-by-step explanation:
Newton's second law of motion states that the force acting on an object must be the product of the object's mass and acceleration. In mathematical terms, this is expressed as F = m × a, where F is the force applied to the object, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. This law implies that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting upon it and inversely proportional to its mass. In summary, as the net force on an object increases, the object's acceleration increases, and as the object's mass increases, its acceleration decreases for a given force.