Final answer:
Isocyanates are harmful chemicals found in polyurethane spray foam, posing skin and respiratory hazards. Other household hazards include toxic cyanide compounds, formaldehyde, VOCs, and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Precautionary measures are necessary to prevent health risks associated with these substances.
Step-by-step explanation:
Isocyanates are hazardous chemical compounds that are particularly concerning because they are known to be strong skin and respiratory sensitizers. In the context of polyurethane spray foam, exposure to isocyanates can occur during or after application. The danger these chemicals present requires that special precautions be taken to safeguard human health during and after application processes. It is crucial to handle liquid resin blends and isocyanates with care due to their potential risks.
Beyond isocyanates, there are other hazardous substances well-documented for their negative health effects. Toxic cyanide-containing compounds, such as hydrogen cyanide gas and various cyanide salts, can interfere with cellular respiration leading to oxygen deprivation in tissues. Similarly, formaldehyde and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are emitted from everyday materials like carpeting, plywood, and drying paints, and these emissions can have long-term health effects.
Additionally, some household products contain chemicals that, if ingested or come into contact with the skin, can result in chemical poisoning. These include a variety of corrosive agents such as acids, alkalis, and heavy metal salts. Moreover, chlorinated hydrocarbons like carbon tetrachloride are known carcinogens and can cause liver damage, even in small amounts if exposure is prolonged.