Final answer:
The virtues of pre-Islamic Arabian culture include tribal loyalty, pastoralism, commercial expertise, and a rich tradition of oral poetry, as well as a diversity in religious beliefs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The virtues of pre-Islamic Arabian culture are chiefly characterized by tribal loyalty, pastoralism, commerce, and a rich oral tradition, prominently featuring poetry. These tribes were largely patriarchal and were governed by meetings of clan patriarchs. As herders and merchants, their lives revolved around their livestock and trade routes. The camel caravans connected Europe with the Spice Road, facilitating trade with regions as far as India and China.Pre-Islamic Arabs were famous fierce warriors, participating as mercenaries and excelling in cavalry tactics. Additionally, their societal structure was profoundly tribal and kinship-based, influencing the early periods of Islam. As for cultural aspects, poetry played a significant role, being part of an oral tradition that served as a medium to pass down knowledge and express tribal identities.In terms of religion, pre-Islamic Arabia was a melting pot with a variety of faith practices, including polytheism, animism, Christianity, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism. These diverse beliefs underscore the region's rich spiritual heritage prior to Islam's emergence. Hence, their cultural virtues were an amalgam of tribal solidarity, martial prowess, mercantile acumen, and literary expression, fostering a unique societal fabric that laid the groundwork for the birth of Islam.