Final answer:
A series of vaccinations is known as an immunization schedule which implements artificially acquired active immunity to prompt immunological memory. Immunization schedules are designed to maximize immune defense against specific pathogens, and booster shots are sometimes needed to sustain protection.
Step-by-step explanation:
A series of vaccinations is referred to as immunization schedule. An immunization schedule is a set of guidelines that outlines the timing and dosing of vaccinations to ensure effective coverage and the development of long-lasting immunological memory. This is a form of artificially acquired active immunity, which is triggered by vaccination to prepare the immune system to fight off specific infections without experiencing the actual disease. Vaccination leverages the body's adaptive immune system, creating memory cells that allow for a rapid and stronger response upon any future exposure to the corresponding pathogen. Booster vaccinations are sometimes required to maintain immunity, as the memory cells created by certain vaccines may not persist indefinitely.
Regarding other immunological concepts, the fact that the body does not normally mount an immune response to the molecules in food is an example of immune tolerance, whereas an allergy to pollen is an example of immediate hypersensitivity.