Final answer:
In English, synonyms are words with similar meanings, and antonyms are words with opposite meanings. The question lists synonyms (pertinent, germane, applicable) that mean relevant or appropriate, and antonyms (unconnected, extraneous) that mean not relevant or connected.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question relates to synonyms and antonyms, which are fundamental components of English vocabulary. A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word, while an antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning.
The adjectives provided in the question (pertinent, germane, applicable) all have meanings that relate to something being relevant or appropriate to a particular matter. On the contrary, the antonyms (unconnected, extraneous) suggest a lack of relevance or connection to the subject at hand.
Synonyms for the adjective include "pertinent," emphasizing relevance; "germane," highlighting appropriateness; and "applicable," underscoring practicality. These words share the common thread of being directly related or suitable for a particular context.
Antonyms encompass "unconnected," indicating a lack of association or relevance, and "extraneous," suggesting something unrelated or unnecessary. Together, these terms navigate the spectrum of connection, from the precise and fitting to the unrelated or superfluous, providing a nuanced understanding of the adjective's application in different scenarios.
This linguistic versatility allows for more precise communication by conveying the degree of relevance or pertinence in various contexts.