Final answer:
The two main conflicts in 1980s Northern Ireland were rooted in religious differences between Protestants and Catholics and political affiliations regarding union with the UK or reunification with the Republic of Ireland. The violent confrontations, particularly acts of terrorism by groups like the IRA, underscored the depth of these divisions. The Northern Ireland Assembly represented a major step towards peace and reconciliation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two main divisive conflicts during the 1980s Northern Ireland Conflict were rooted in both religious and political strife. Protestants, mainly of Scottish and English descent, wished to remain a part of the United Kingdom, while the Roman Catholic community, mostly of Irish heritage, aspired for Northern Ireland to reunite with the Republic of Ireland. This deep-seated division came to a head with violent clashes and terrorist acts, by groups such as the Irish Republican Army (IRA), notably car bombings and other forms of political violence.
The painful legacy and the barriers these conflicts created in Northern Ireland have been mitigated over generations as centripetal forces attempt to bridge the gap between the communities. The establishment of the Northern Ireland Assembly in 1998 was a significant step towards a peaceful resolution, despite ongoing challenges. Economic instability, underscored by high unemployment and a weak resource base, has been another factor plaguing the region, further illustrating the need for unity and a stable government.