Final answer:
To increase capacitance, capacitors should have larger plate areas and include a dielectric material between the plates, which allows for more charge to be stored and a larger capacitance.
Step-by-step explanation:
To produce greater storage of electrons and more capacitance, capacitors should have increased surface area of the plates and/or include a dielectric material between the plates. In physics, we learn that the capacitance (C) of a parallel plate capacitor is directly proportional to the plate area (A) and inversely proportional to the distance (d) between the plates. Consequently, larger plate areas allow for more charge to be stored because the charges can spread out further on the plates. Additionally, employing a dielectric material between the plates can further enhance capacitance. Dielectric materials polarize when exposed to an electric field, creating a layer of opposite charge that reduces the electric field strength inside the capacitor, allowing for the storage of the same charge at a smaller voltage. This equates to a larger capacitance for the capacitor because of the dielectric.