Final answer:
Conflicted interests between peasants and lords were evident in revolts and changing social dynamics during the late Middle Ages. Peasants fought against economic limitations and for better living conditions, while nobles tried to retain their traditional privileges despite major changes like the Hundred Years' War and the aftermath of the Plague.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conflicted interests between peasants and lords throughout history were highlighted by peasant revolts and the shifting dynamics of power, land, and resources. One notable example is the Jacquerie uprising of 1358 in France and the English Peasants' Revolt of 1381, which demonstrated the peasants' growing discontent with the feudal system and their marginalization under the rule of the nobility. As their economic opportunities were limited by the nobles, many peasants were emboldened to challenge the status quo, leading to numerous conflicts.
Dramatic changes such as the Hundred Years' War and the aftermath of the Plague altered the traditional military and economic roles of the nobility. This period saw a rise in the power of the monarchs and the nobility's weakened grip on traditional privileges, especially as professional armies grew and the demand for peasant labor increased, improving living conditions for peasants.
Ultimately, the feudal system began to crumble, with some peasants gaining wealth and the growth of towns and cities further reducing the power of the nobility. Over time, these social and economic shifts laid the foundations for the rise of capitalism and the end of feudalism, though not without significant conflict and resistance from the ruling classes.