Final answer:
Voluntary conjugate horizontal saccades are initiated by the frontal eye fields located in the frontal cerebral cortex. These eye movements are essential for visual tracking and rely on the coordination of various brain stem nuclei and pathways.
Step-by-step explanation:
Voluntary conjugate horizontal saccade is initiated by the frontal eye fields in the frontal cerebral cortex. Saccades are rapid, conjugate movements of the eyes.
The coordination of these eye movements are critical for visual tracking and is achieved through a network of brain stem nuclei and pathways, including the superior colliculus, the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF), the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), and the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nuclei.
The frontal eye fields are particularly important as they are linked with motor commands that orient the eyes toward an object of visual attention, essentially directing the eyes to where one intends to focus in the visual field.