Final answer:
The reputation and success of a president are influenced by various factors including the political climate, the state of Congress, and societal issues during their tenure. Presidents' relationships with Congress and the electorate impact their legacies, demonstrated by the hardships faced by George H.W. Bush, Andrew Johnson, and during Obama’s presidency, leading to different levels of policy achievement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The performance, reputation, and legacy of a president are often influenced by circumstances beyond their direct control. For instance, the manner in which they enter office, the political makeup of Congress, and unforeseen crises during their presidency can all affect their ability to implement policies and navigate the political landscape. Presidents like George H.W. Bush, who broke his tax pledge, and Andrew Johnson, with his overt racism, struggled with their respective Congresses and alienated portions of the electorate. In contrast, President Obama dealt with economic turbulence and managed to pass significant legislation like the Affordable Care Act despite a polarized Congress. The 2016 election introduced another dynamic change, with Hillary Clinton as a highly polarizing yet popular candidate.
Over the years, presidents have faced a multitude of challenges and controversies that shape their tenures. Social issues, economic pressures, and personal philosophies can all contribute to how a presidency is remembered. Navigating these issues in the face of either support or opposition from the public and Congress determines their success and the fulfillment of their political agendas.