Final answer:
The 'Drowned One' is a metaphor for the feeling of powerlessness and voicelessness under the societal and governmental structures in China, as depicted in Fang's artworks and historical events like the intentional Yellow River flood and Wang Mang's era of flooding and famine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 'Drowned One' reflects a metaphorical concept related to societal and governmental structures in China, particularly expressed through the art of Fang and historical events. Fang's depiction in 980815 (8.5.12) of a typical bald man drowning can be interpreted as a critique of judging people by their appearance or occupation and the sensation of being voiceless in a powerful governmental structure. This metaphor is extended to the broader context where individuals are caught under societal rules, possibly in reference to the Confucian influences that have been divisive within the Chinese leadership.
Historically, the power of water has been both literal and metaphorical in China, as seen in the tragic decision to flood large areas during conflicts, such as the Yellow River flood ordered by Chiang Kai-shek, which led to massive casualties and displaced millions, as well as the environmental catastrophe during Wang Mang's rule. These instances illustrate the dual nature of power and helplessness, akin to drowning under the weight of disaster and government decisions.