Final answer:
A P&ID (Piping and Instrumentation Diagram) shows the instrumentation that monitors a process and how the process is controlled.
Step-by-step explanation:
A P&ID (Piping and Instrumentation Diagram) shows the instrumentation that monitors a process and how the process is controlled. The P&ID provides a graphical representation of the equipment, piping, and control devices involved in a process.
For example, a P&ID might include symbols for valves, pumps, sensors, and controllers, along with lines indicating how they are connected. It also shows how the instruments and control devices interact to maintain the desired process conditions.
By studying the P&ID, engineers can understand how a process is controlled, identify potential issues, and make improvements to optimize the process.