Final answer:
Organisms can be closely related genetically but look different, and unrelated organisms can look similar. Confirmation bias and limited information can contribute to incorrect assumptions about relationships between organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Misleading Appearances: Organisms can be closely related genetically but look different due to minor genetic changes causing major morphological differences. On the other hand, unrelated organisms can look similar due to similar adaptations to environmental constraints. For example, insects and bats both use wings to fly, but their wing structure and embryonic origin are different.
Confirmation Bias: Sometimes, we make incorrect assumptions about relationships between organisms because we have a hunch and look for evidence to support it while ignoring contradictory evidence. This is known as confirmation bias.
Limited Information: At times, we form illusory correlations based on limited information that easily comes to mind, even if that information is not sufficient. Illusory correlations can lead to wrong assumptions about relationships between organisms.