Final answer:
Artworks are protected from pollutants, debris, and insects through the use of protective coatings, extra-thick glass, and climate-controlled environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The artwork is protected from pollutants, debris, and insects by using various methods. One common method is to apply a protective coating, such as lacquer, to the surface of the artwork. However, lacquer can alter the color and chemical structure of objects, so it may not be the best preservation material. Another method is to place an extra-thick layer of glass in front of the artwork, which can absorb UV radiation from flash photography and prevent photo-degradation. Additionally, museums may employ climate-controlled environments to create a protective atmosphere for the artworks.