Question

A. are the largest leukocytes

B. This nucleus stains dark purple; the cytoplasm stains light purple.
C. The nucleus looks like a kidney; think of it as an irregular shaped M
D. differentiate into Macrophages (who phagocytize viruses and damaged tissue)
E. actively phagocytize things harmful to the body; they are crucial for acting against viruses, intracellular bacterial parasites, and chronic infections.
In other words, these leukocytes activate lymphocytes to mount an immune them to do their job
F. These cells circulate in the blood but they leave the blood via diapedesis and enter tissues then act as Macrophages.(

Answer 1

Monocytes are large leukocytes identifiable by their kidney-shaped nucleus and differentiate into macrophages in tissues, where they are vital for immune defense through phagocytosis. Lymphocytes, including B cells and T cells, contribute to adaptive immunity, while natural killer cells destroy compromised body cells. Granulocytes like neutrophils harbor granules and mount a rapid response to infection.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's question pertains to monocytes and macrophages, which are types of leukocytes, or white blood cells, found in the blood and immune system. Monocytes, which originate from myeloid stem cells, represent 2-8 percent of the total leukocyte count and are the largest of the leukocytes with a distinctive kidney or horseshoe-shaped nucleus. They range from 12-20 µm in size. Monocytes become macrophages once they exit the bloodstream via a process known as diapedesis, where they enter the tissue and become actively involved in the immune response through phagocytosis, engulfing debris, foreign pathogens, and worn-out cells. Macrophages can be found either fixed in tissue or wandering through the interstitial fluid, attracting other leukocytes to the site of infection through chemotactic signals.

Lymphocytes, unlike monocytes and macrophages, are smaller cells with a large nucleus and characterized by their granule-free cytoplasm. Comprising B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells, lymphocytes are critical for adaptive immunity, with B cells producing antibodies and T cells attacking infected or abnormal cells. Natural killer cells identify and destroy cells afflicted by pathogens or cancer through a recognition of 'missing self,' where infected or abnormal cells present low levels of MHC proteins.

Granulocytes, another category of leukocytes, contain granules in their cytoplasm and are active in the body's response to infection. Neutrophils are a type of granulocyte and are known for their multilobular nucleus and are abundant in acute inflammatory responses.