Final answer:
Lipids are biomolecules with chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms, including fats and oils which are energy-rich and hydrophobic. Carbohydrates also contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a distinct ratio, forming sugars and starches.
Step-by-step explanation:
Biomolecules that have chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms are known as macromolecules. These include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, but specifically, lipids are the ones characterized by long carbon and hydrogen chains. The carbon atoms form a carbon skeleton which can be straight, branched, or ring-shaped, and to this skeleton, different functional groups are attached.
Lipids, such as fats and oils, contain long chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen, which are hydrophobic and energy-rich. Carbohydrates also contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, but they possess a distinct 1:2:1 ratio and form structures like sugars and starches. Proteins and nucleic acids, while also based on carbon, have more complex structures involving nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in addition to carbon and hydrogen.