Final answer:
The Nuremberg Trials convicted Hermann Göring, Joachim von Ribbentrop, and Wilhelm Keitel for their significant roles in both the orchestration of the Holocaust and the aggressive wartime policies of the Nazi regime, which constituted war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Nuremberg Trials were a pivotal moment in establishing accountability for war crimes and crimes against humanity. Three notable defendants in these trials were Hermann Göring, Joachim von Ribbentrop, and Wilhelm Keitel.
Hermann Göring
Göring was a leading member of the Nazi Party and was found guilty of all four counts: conspiracy, crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. His role in the planning and execution of the Holocaust, as well as his involvement in the aggressive warfare policies of the Nazis, made him responsible for the massive loss of life during WWII.
Joachim von Ribbentrop
Von Ribbentrop served as the Foreign Minister of Nazi Germany and was directly involved in the planning and execution of Nazi invasion plans, contributing to the outbreak of the war. His participation in the forced displacement and extermination of Jews also qualified his actions as crimes against humanity.
Wilhelm Keitel
As the head of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Supreme Command of the Armed Forces), Keitel signed numerous orders and decrees that violated the laws of war, leading to the execution and mistreatment of POWs and civilian populations.