Final answer:
The prefrontal cortical structure that controls emotion regulation is the orbitofrontal cortex, a part of the frontal lobes that aids in decision-making and works closely with the limbic system in emotional processing.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the amygdala is responsible for emotional processing and experience, the prefrontal cortical (PFC) structure that controls emotion regulation is c. orbitofrontal cortex.
The orbitofrontal cortex is a region of the frontal lobes involved in the cognitive process of decision-making. It is part of the limbic system, which is crucial for emotion and behavior regulation. While the amygdala is involved in the sensation of fear and processing emotional information, it is the orbitofrontal cortex, part of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which contributes significantly to emotion regulation, decision-making, and the evaluation of rewards and punishments.
The limbic system plays an essential role in encoding emotionally charged memories, and its structures, like the amygdala and hippocampus, work in conjunction with the PFC, particularly the orbitofrontal cortex, to help an individual respond appropriately to various emotional stimuli.