Question

Which solution has the highest boiling point?

a) 0.50 m C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
b) 0.50 m C₆H₁₂O₆
b) 0.50 m C₂H₆O₂
d) All of these solutions will have the same boiling poin

Answer 1

To find the solution with the highest boiling point, one must consider the van 't Hoff factor and boiling point elevation. Non-electrolytes like glucose elevate boiling points less than electrolytes such as NaCl, Au(NO3)3, and Al2(SO4)3, which dissociate into multiple particles.

Step-by-step explanation:

To determine which solution has the highest boiling point, we consider the van 't Hoff factor which predicts the effect of solute particles on the boiling point of a solution. Boiling point elevation occurs because solutes in a solution disrupt the formation of a solid (the freezing process) more than they disrupt the formation of a gas (the boiling process), leading to a higher boiling point.

Given the solutions 0.10 m C6H12O6, 0.06 m NaCl, 0.4 m Au(NO3)3, and 0.4 m Al2(SO4)3, we remember that non-electrolytes like glucose (C6H12O6) will not dissociate in solution, hence it results in a lower elevation in boiling point.

NaCl, Au(NO3)3, and Al2(SO4)3 are electrolytes and will dissociate into their respective ions. NaCl dissociates into 2 particles per formula unit, Au(NO3)3 dissociates into 4, and Al2(SO4)3 dissociates into 5 particles per formula unit.