Final answer:
The correct answer is a property dividend, which is a distribution of assets to shareholders instead of cash or additional shares.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nonreciprocal transfer
A nonreciprocal transfer to owners refers to a transaction where the firm gives value to shareholders without receiving an equivalent value in return. The correct answer to the student's question is a property dividend. This occurs when a company distributes assets to its shareholders instead of cash or additional shares. Other options mentioned, like a stock dividend, involve the distribution of additional company's shares to shareholders, a stock split increases the number of shares while reducing the price per share without changing the overall equity, and treasury stock refers to the repurchased shares by the company that are not retired.
A nonreciprocal transfer to owners is referred to as a property dividend. This occurs when a company distributes assets other than cash to its shareholders. For example, a company might distribute land or equipment as a dividend rather than cash.