Cornish and Clarke's rational choice perspective in criminology was developed in the a. mid-1980s.Therefore , a. mid-1980s is correct .
This perspective, often associated with the routine activity theory, emerged as a response to traditional criminological theories that focused on social structures and individual pathology.
Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen initially introduced the routine activity theory in 1979, and Cornish and Clarke expanded upon it in the mid-1980s.
The rational choice perspective posits that individuals make decisions based on a rational calculation of the potential costs and benefits associated with their actions.
In the context of criminology, this theory suggests that criminal behavior is a result of rational choices made by individuals seeking to maximize their personal gain while minimizing the risks of detection and punishment.
The mid-1980s marked a period of increased interest in individual-level explanations for criminal behavior and a shift toward understanding crime as a function of rational decision-making.
Cornish and Clarke's work significantly contributed to the development and popularization of the rational choice perspective within the field of criminology during this period.