Final answer:
Some of the study subjects did receive positive sanctions, such as incentives provided by the American Heart Association study, which are favored for promoting behavior without negative effects. These positive reinforcements encourage adherence to societal norms and values and can be more effective when they are unexpected.
Step-by-step explanation:
Yes, some of the study subjects did provide positive sanctions that encourage behavior. An example of this can be found in the study issued by the American Heart Association, in which incentives such as ink pens, pedometers, towels, can strainers, and healthy cookbooks were given to each participating student. Additionally, participants were offered the chance to enter a raffle for $25 Walmart gift cards upon completing a survey.
This approach aligns with the perspective that rewards or positive reinforcements are a more favored method for promoting desired behaviors, as they encourage conformity to norms without the negative effects associated with punishment. Positive sanctions are considered a form of social control, a way to encourage individuals to maintain and uphold societal standards and values. Cases like the American Heart Association study exemplify the application of positive sanctions in a research context.
It is also important to consider the difference between tangible and intangible rewards, as well as the role of expectations in the effectiveness of positive reinforcements. Unexpected rewards tend to support intrinsic motivation more than anticipated tangible rewards, which can sometimes decrease the intrinsic value placed on the task.