Final answer:
The correct answer to your question is: a) Hyperglycemia and b) Hypoglycemia, both conditions can be fatal if not promptly treated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The diabetic emergency caused by very high or low blood glucose is either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, respectively. Hyperglycemia refers to high blood sugar levels which can result from impaired insulin function due to low insulin production by the pancreas or reduced sensitivity of cells to insulin.
This condition can lead to serious complications, such as kidney damage, cardiovascular disease, and can be fatal if untreated.
On the other hand, hypoglycemia is characterized by abnormally low blood glucose levels, which can occur during excessive insulin treatment for diabetes. Severe hypoglycemia can also be life-threatening, leading to muscle weakness, unconsciousness, or even death without prompt treatment.