Final answer:
All of the listed outcomes will occur as part of the immune response initiated by complement activation. This includes the formation of the membrane attack complex, stimulation of inflammation, and opsonization of pathogens, aiding in their destruction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The likely outcome of the processes described - Membrane attack complex will form, Inflammation will be stimulated, Pathogens will become opsonized - is d) All of the listed outcomes will occur. These outcomes describe actions taken by the immune system's complement system, specifically the activation of the complement cascade through either the classical or alternate pathway.
Complement activation involves a series of proteins that interact with one another, eventually leading to the creation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), which can lyse pathogens by disrupting their osmotic balance. Meanwhile, inflammation is an innate immune response characterized by heat, redness, pain, and swelling, which helps in bringing phagocytes to the damaged area or site of infection.