Final answer:
The correct answer is c. five times a week for 20 to 30 minutes.
Step-by-step explanation:
To improve cardiovascular fitness and endurance, as well as to reduce the risk of heart attacks, the recommended frequency and duration of exercise involves activities that use large muscle groups in continuous, repetitive motion and increase the heart and breathing rates.
Based on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services guidelines, adults should engage in regular aerobic physical activity for at least 2.5 hours at moderate intensity every week, which can be broken down into approximately 30 minutes per day, five days a week.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. five times a week for 20 to 30 minutes. This regular activity is enough to help maintain a healthy cardiovascular system and it aligns well with the research that shows even 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily can reduce heart attack risk significantly.