Final answer:
We need to use the conservation of angular momentum to find the velocity of the bullet, but the question does not provide enough information to work out the solution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about finding the velocity of the flying bullet that strikes and becomes embedded in the lower end of a vertically oriented uniform rod, causing the rod to swing. To solve this, we must apply the principle of conservation of angular momentum; however, the question lacks sufficient details to determine an exact numerical answer, such as the angular velocity of the rod after the collision or the length of the rod required to calculate the angular momentum. Generally, the initial angular momentum of the bullet and rod system before the collision (which is just the angular momentum of the bullet, since the rod is stationary) is equal to the final angular momentum of the system after the bullet is embedded in the rod and the rod has started to swing.
An example is given where the bullet has a mass of 2.0 g and a speed of 500 m/s before the collision. In such an example, the initial angular momentum can be calculated by multiplying the bullet's linear momentum by the rod's length (distance to the pivot point).