Final answer:
The major foundation of India's foreign relations, as outlined in its directive principles of state policy, is non-alignment and peaceful coexistence, established during Prime Minister Nehru's tenure and influenced by India's geographic and geopolitical context.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major foundation of India's foreign relations laid in the directive principles of state policy is the principle of non-alignment and peaceful coexistence. This principle was instrumental during the Cold War era when India maintained its distance from the polarized blocks of the United States and the Soviet Union.
These principles were reflected in the actions of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, who spearheaded the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to avoid alliance with any major power blocs. Nehru's policy of neutrality and peaceful coexistence was central to India's foreign relations and remains a core element of its diplomatic approach to this day. Nehru avoided aligning with the U.S. despite accepting aid, underscoring India's commitment to maintain sovereignty over its foreign policy decisions.
Additionally, India's geopolitics has played a crucial role in shaping its foreign relations, positioned as it is near other major powers like China and the then Soviet Union. Throughout its post-independence history, India has sought to promote peace and stability in its region and globally, frequently advocating for disarmament and fair treatment of developing nations in international forums.