Final answer:
Conditional probability is the likelihood of an occurrence predicated on the presence of another event, often charted using a contingency table. Dependent events are those that affect each other's probabilities, contrasted with independent events, which do not.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that is used when the occurrence of one event is predictive of the likelihood of another event is known as conditional probability. This concept often utilizes a contingency table to display the frequency distribution of two variables that may depend on each other, thereby facilitating the calculation of conditional probabilities. When the outcome of one event is dependent on another, these events are termed dependent events.
On the other hand, independent events do not affect each other's probabilities. The ability to predict outcomes, particularly human behavior, can be challenging due to the complexity of variables and the inherent randomness of individual actions, even though certain predictions can be made based on historical patterns and probabilities.