Final answer:
The sub-tropical or equatorial climate, also known as Type A climate, is found in regions directly north and south of the equator. It features warm temperatures all year and can have either consistent rainfall or distinct wet and dry seasons. The correct answer is option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The climate type found in regions directly north/south of the equator is the sub-tropical or equatorial climate (Type A). This climate is characterized by warm temperatures year-round and high levels of precipitation. The specific aspects of type A climates can vary, with some areas experiencing a distinct dry and wet season, while others receive consistent rainfall throughout the year. Examples of type A climates include the tropical rainforests of the Amazon and the Congo, as well as the tropical savannas of East Africa.