Final answer:
Hexane and heptane will exhibit London dispersion forces, water and ethanol can form hydrogen bonds, water and sodium chloride show ion-dipole interactions, and water and formaldehyde can have dipole-dipole interactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
When compounds are mixed, the intermolecular forces of attraction that may form depend on the nature of the compounds involved. Here's what we can expect for each mixture:
- Hexane (C6H14) and heptane (C7H16) both are nonpolar molecules, and the primary intermolecular force expected would be London dispersion forces.
- Water and ethanol (C2H5OH) can both engage in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of -OH groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
- Water and sodium chloride (NaCl) involve ion-dipole interactions, where water molecules surround the sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions, facilitating the dissolution of the ionic compound.
- Water and formaldehyde (HCHO) can form dipole-dipole interactions due to the polar nature of the formaldehyde molecules.
Based on these interactions, we can predict the solubility and behavior of these mixtures in terms of kinetic properties like boiling point and vapor pressure. Substances with stronger intermolecular forces tend to have higher boiling points and lower vapor pressures.