Final answer:
The learned response is a behavior strengthened by secondary reinforcement, which refers to a learned association between a neutral stimulus and a primary reinforcer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student asked which of the following is a learned response:
- a. a reduction in the ability to solve problems because of temporary fatigue
- b. a defensive reflex to an aversive stimulus
- c. a behavior strengthened by secondary reinforcement
- d. an instinctual behavior triggered by a sign stimulus
The correct answer is c. a behavior strengthened by secondary reinforcement. Reflex is an unlearned, automatic response by an organism to a stimulus in the environment, and instinctual behavior also occurs without having to be learned. Secondary reinforcer refers to something that becomes reinforcing through its association with a primary reinforcer. For example, money does not have inherent value to animals but can be used to influence behavior if it has been associated with more direct rewards such as food. This association is a learned response.