Final answer:
The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that emphasized individual responsibility and personal religious experiences. It led to the growth of new Protestant denominations, inspired social activism, and brought changes to American culture so the correct answer is option (a).
Step-by-step explanation:
The Second Great Awakening was a major religious movement in the United States that began in the 1790s and had a profound impact on society. It emphasized individual responsibility and the desire to seek perfection through personal religious experiences. The movement led to the growth and influence of new Protestant denominations, particularly the Baptists and Methodists.
In the South, the Second Great Awakening generally supported the system of slavery and led to rebellion in the slave community. In the North, the movement inspired social activism, including reform movements in abolition, temperance, women's rights, and education.
The Second Great Awakening also brought significant changes to American culture, with increases in church membership and the formation of organizations to promote religious revival and moral reform.