Final answer:
Ecology would be the best field of study for Emma's interest in the relationship between organisms and their environment, incorporating various ecological sub-disciplines and focusing on biotic and abiotic interactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emma, a high school senior interested in the relationship between organisms and their environment, would find that the field of ecology best fits her interests. Ecology is devoted to understanding how living organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment. This includes studying at various levels such as organismal ecology, which investigates adaptations that help organisms live in specific habitats, population ecology, examining the numbers of individuals in an area and the dynamics of population change, and community ecology, which looks at the interactions among different species.
Another relevant point is that ecology also considers the impacts of environmental changes, such as climate change, on the distribution and abundance of organisms, which directly affects human health and other organisms’ living conditions. The subfield of environmental sociology has ties to ecology, focusing on how humans interact with their environments and issues like climate change and carrying capacity; however, it is distinctly human-focused, unlike the broader biological scope of ecology.