Final answer:
The rotation of the Earth affects the acceleration due to gravity, with this effect being the strongest at the equator and negligible at the poles. Thus, statement I is true, and statement II is false, which means option b is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rotation of the Earth indeed has an effect on the value of acceleration due to gravity (g). This effect is because of the centripetal force required to keep an object moving along with Earth's rotation. At the equator, this force is the greatest since the velocity of rotation is the fastest at the surface, while at the poles, it is essentially zero because the rotation velocity is minimal. The centripetal force at the equator causes a slight reduction in the apparent weight of an object as measured by a scale, as the centripetal force is in the same direction as gravity. Therefore, statement I is indeed true.
Regarding statement II, the effect of rotation on 'g' is actually the opposite of what is stated: it is maximum at the equator, where the centrifugal force due to rotation is strongest, and minimum at the poles, where there is no centrifugal force due to rotation. As a result, statement II is false. Therefore, the correct answer is b. Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.
Additionally, other factors, such as the Earth's oblate shape and latitude, also affect the value of 'g,' with gravity being slightly weaker at the equator than at the poles due to the greater distance from the center of Earth.