Final answer:
John B. Watson introduced the term behaviorism, which focuses on observable behaviors and excludes unobservable mental processes, setting the stage for objective psychological research.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term behaviorism was introduced by John B. Watson. Behaviorism is a school of thought in psychology that focuses on studying overt behavior and minimizes the importance of unobservable mental processes. John B. Watson championed the idea that psychology should be an objective science focused on observable behaviors that can be measured, instead of internal thought processes that cannot be directly observed. This approach paved the way for later behaviorists like B. F. Skinner, who further developed the study of behavior through the concepts of operant conditioning and reinforcement.
John B. Watson is considered the father of behaviorism and is credited with its introduction. While other psychologists like Pavlov and Skinner contributed significantly to the development of behaviorism with their research on classical and operant conditioning respectively, it was Watson's promotion of behaviorism as a purely objective branch of scientific psychology that established its foundation.