In French, when it's not an inversion question or an "est-ce que" question, it's often referred to as a "tone of voice question."
How is the question formed
This type of question is formed by using the tone or intonation of speech to indicate a question without altering the word order or using specific question words like "est-ce que" or inverting the subject and verb.
When asking a question using the tone of voice method, the structure of the sentence remains unchanged from a declarative sentence. Instead, the speaker raises the pitch or intonation at the end of the sentence to indicate it is a question
So, the answer is: d. tone of voice question